2012-08-27

CRC ratifications — chronological order

The official listing of ratifications of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is arranged in alphabetical order:
http://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-11&chapter=4&lang=en
 
The following chart shows the ratifications in date order. All through 2010 and 2011 Wikipedia's article about the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child incorrectly gave the number of ratifications as 194, citing the official list which states quite clearly at the top that the number of parties to the treaty is 193. On this page, below the chart,
is a table listing the first day signatures (skip to the list).

The most recent country to join the United Nations, the Republic of South Sudan, has not yet signed the CRC
(read more about children's rights in South Sudan).

Date ordered list of CRC ratifications

Note: "a" next to a date indicates "Accession" – the same as ratification without the initial act of signing the treaty.

Which countries signed on the first day?

Although the CRC was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1989, the document didn't become available for signature until 26th January 1990. When a State Party signs a treaty it is indicating approval "in principle," but there is no commitment to incorporate the provisions into its own national laws. That is achieved by Ratification or an equivalent procedure. A United Nations publication, the International Geneva Yearbook 1999-2000, incorrectly stated that there were 61 signatures on the first day instead of the actual number: 59 signatures. This error has subsequently been reproduced in other publications because none of the authors took the trouble to check the count in the official list of signatures & ratifications (the link at the top of this page).

Within one year of 26/01/1990 the Convention had been ratified by 67 member states, and 105 within two years.

List of member states signing the first day — 26/01/1990
1Albania21Greece41Norway
2Algeria22Guatemala42Panama
3Bangladesh23Guinea-Bissau43Peru
4Belarus24Haiti44Philippines
5Belgium25Iceland45Poland
6Brazil26Indonesia46Portugal
7Burkina Faso27Italy47Romania
8Chile28Jamaica48Russia
9Colombia29Kenya49Rwanda
10Costa Rica30Lebanon50Saint Kitts
11Cote d'Ivoire31Mali51Senegal
12Cuba32Malta52Spain
13Denmark33Mauritania53Sri Lanka
14Dominica34Mexico54Suriname
15Ecuador35Mongolia55Sweden
16El Salvador36Morocco56Togo
17Finland37Nepal57Uruguay
18France38Netherlands58Venezuela
19Gabon39Niger59Viet Nam
20Germany40Nigeria

Ghana signed on 29th January 1990 and became the first country to ratify the treaty on 5th February 1990.